- The Past tense is used to indicate that an action or event occurred in the past.
- The Present tense is used to indicate that an action or event is happening now.
- The Future tense is used to indicate that an action or event will occur in the future.
Past Tense
1. Simple Past Tense
Simple past tense is used to describe actions that occurred in the past, which were completed at a definite time and are not happening currently. Simple past tense is used in stories with a definite beginning and end. It’s often used to talk about what someone did or experienced on a particular day or to talk about the weather.
Subject + main verb(+ed) or second form of verb
Examples
(+) : “They called their friends yesterday.”
(-) : “They did not call their friends yesterday.”
(?) : “Did they call their friends yesterday?”
2. Past Continuous/Progessive Tense
In English, the past continuous tense expresses an action that was in progress at some point in the past. The past continuous tense is used to talk about an unfinished period of time. It can also refer to a specific action that was happening at a specific point in time. In the past continuous tense, “was” or “were” is used with an-ing verb to show that something was happening.
Examples
(+) : “I was washing my clothes when the phone rang.”
(-) : “I was not washing my clothes when the phone rang.”
(?) : “Was I washing my clothes when the phone rang?”
3. Past Perfect Tense
The past perfect tense uses had and a past participle for the first person, third person singular, and third person plural subjects. It is also used to describe an action that was completed at some point in the past. It is often used when talking about things that happened before another event in the past.
Structure/Formula
Subject + had + past participle
(+) : “The girl had cried before her mother came.”
(-) : “The girl had not cried before her mother came.”
(?) : “Had the girl cried before her mother came?”
4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
The past perfect continuous tense is a verb tense that is used to express an action that started in the past and continued up until another point in the past.
Structure/Formula
Subject + had been + present participle + time reference
Examples
(+) : “She had been studying math all day.”
(-) : “She had not been studying math all day.”
(?) : “Had she been studying math all day?”
Present Tense
The present tense is used to describe actions that are currently happening or are ongoing. It can be divided into four subcategories: simple present, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous.
1. Simple Present Tense
Simple present tense is a verb tense that talks about what happens habitually or continually. It can also talk about what is happening right now.
Structure/Formula
Subject + main verb (s/es for third person)
(+) : “They speak Korean very well.”
(-) : “They don’t speak Korean.”
(?) : “Do they speak Korean?”
2. Present Continuous/Progessive Tense
Present continuous tense is used to describe an action happening now, or an ongoing action. It can also be used to talk about something that will happen in the future. To form present continuous, add “ing” to the base form of a verb (without “to”) and use the following formula:
Subject + is/am/are + present participle
Examples
(+) : “She is working on her homework now.”
(-) : “She is not working on her homework now.”
(?) : “Is she working on her homework now?”
3. Present Perfect Tense
The present perfect tense is used to emphasize the duration of an action that occurred in a time period before now. When using this tense, you should also provide an additional sentence that describes what happened before now.
Subject + has/have + past participle
Examples
(+) : “They have seen the movie Spider-Man: No way home.”
(-) : “They have not seen the movie Spider-Man: No way home.”
(?) : “Have they seen the movie Spider-Man: No way home?”
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
The present perfect continuous tense is used for actions that have been going on since the past and up until the present. It can also be used to refer to actions that are still in progress, but still haven’t been finished.
Subject + have been + present participle + time reference
Examples
(+) : “I have been thinking about it.”
(-) : “I have not been thinking about it.”
(?) : “Have I been thinking about it?”
Future Tense
The future tense is used to describe actions that will happen in the future. It can be divided into four subcategories: simple future, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous.
1. Simple Future Tense
Simple future tense is a verb tense that is used to describe the things that have not happened yet.
Subject + will/shall + main verb
Subject + is/am/are + going to + main verb
Examples
(+) : “She will come to the cinema tomorrow.”
(-) : “She will not come to the cinema tomorrow.”
(?) : “Will she come to the cinema tomorrow?”
2. Future Continuous/Progessive Tense
Future continuous tense is a verb tense used to express the idea that action will be in progress at some time in the future.
Subject + will be + present participle
Examples
(+) : “He will be playing basketball in the playground tomorrow morning.”
(-) : “He will not be playing basketball in the playground tomorrow morning.”
(?) : “Will he be playing basketball in the playground tomorrow morning?”
3. Future Perfect Tense
Future perfect tense is a verb tense that indicates an action or event that will be completed by some point in the future. In the future perfect tense, the action of the verb is completed before some time in the future.
Subject + will have + past participle
Examples
(+) : “I will have finished my homework by tomorrow.”
(-) : “I will not have finished my homework by tomorrow.”
(?) : “Will she have finished her homework by tomorrow?”
4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
The future perfect continuous is a verb tense used to emphasize an action that will be in progress up until another point in time in the future. It’s usually used to describe a situation that started in the past and will continue into the foreseeable future. The duration of time for the event is not necessary to be specified, but it must take place after a certain time in the future.
Subject + will have been + present participle + time reference
Examples
(+) : “In December, I will have been working at my company for one year.”
(-) : “I will not have been working at my company for one year in December.”
(?) : “In December, will you have been working at your company for one year?”
Past Future Tense
Past future tense, also known as "future in the past," refers to expressing something that will happen in the future, but from the perspective of a past event. It's essentially talking about the future while in the context of a past situation.
1. Simple Past Future Tense
Past Future Tense is a verb tense that expresses the idea that an action or event will occur later in time.
Subject + Would + Main Verb
Examples
(+) : “She would forgive you” atau “Giselle was going to give one beautiful bag to her best friend.”
(-) : “She would not forgive you” atau “Giselle wasn’t going to give one beautiful bag to her best friend.”
(?) : “Would she forgive you?” atau “Was Giselle going to give one beautiful bag to her best friend?”
2. Past Future Continuous/Progressive Tense
The Past Future Continuous Tense is used to indicate continuous or habitual action in the past that was interrupted by another later action.
Subject + should be / would be + Present Participle
Examples
(+) : “I would be studying at your house yesterday, but I didn’t because I got sick.”
(-) : “Anna would not be dying if she came to the hospital earlier.”
(?) : “Would you be letting me see your painting?”
3. Past Future Perfect Tense
Past Future Perfect tense is a verb tense that is used to express actions that will happen in the future before something in the past. It is often used as a way to show cause and effect or a sequence of events.
Subject + should have/would have + Past Participle
Examples
(+) : “Mina would have finished her homework if she hadn’t gone shopping.”
(-) : “People would not have known about BTS if there were no fans behind them.”
(?) : “Would you have finished your homework before tomorrow afternoon?”
4. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
The Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to show an action that began in the past and continues up until the present time.
Subject + would have been + present participle + time reference
Examples
(+) : “I would have been working in leading companies for six years.”
(-) : “I would not have been working in leading companies for six years.”
(?) : “Would you have been working in leading companies for six years?”
Comments
Post a Comment